Bordwell and Thompson offer two distinctions between a story and a plot. These relate to the diegetic to the diegetic world of the narrative that the audience are positioned to accept and that which the audience actually see. They never did come up with a full, complete narrative, but came up with specific ideas. They believed that chain of events within a media form cause effects on a relationship occurring in time and space and the narrative shapes this material in terms of time space such as where and when things take place.
- Fabula – this is the story, it is all the events in which happen and what the audiences sees. The fabula is defined as the chronological order of events that are represented.
- Syuzhet – this is the plot, it is everything that is visible and audibly present. Syuzhet is considered to be the order, manner and techniques of their presentation in the narrative.
This music video is in media res; we know this as Beyonce is a very successful artist who has had a good life/career before shooting this video. Whilst actually watching the video, we see her reflection in a mirror and also her reflection when she is in the club; a double image represents she has two sides to her and in this case she has the innocent side and the more seductive side in which we see both sides in the music video. We believe that this whole music video is a fantasy, as at the beginning she is seen starring at her husband, possibly imagining doing all this with him. Yet at the end when he has ignored her all the way through reading his paper; we see by her eyes that possibly this isn't just a fantasy, this could be what she has been getting up to due to her husband not giving her the attention she wants. Therefore she has been getting up to this to take her mind off.
Tim O'Sullivan Theory
O'Sullivan's theory suggests that all media texts tell us some kind of story. Through careful mediation, media texts offer a way of telling stories about ourselves - not usually our own personal stories, but the story of us as a culture or set of cultures. Narrative theory sets out to show that we experience when we 'read' a story is to understand a particular set of constructions, or conventions, and that it is important to be aware of how these constructions are put together.
This theory does not conform to my chosen video as there is no real story and neither doe it offer a way of telling us a story about ourselves. The video is more a performance and narrative, rather than telling a story.
Pam Cook Theory
Pam Cook came up with a standard Hollywood narrative structure back in 1985. She believes the structure should be set out like:
My chosen video does apply to Pam Cooks theory because of the way we see Beyonce trying to get her husbands attention yet he gives her no attention therefore this causes an effect going on to her fantasising or possibly thinking about what she has been up to with other men whilst she hasn't been getting his full attention as she would like to. We also see signs of hedonism as we know that via her actions and the camera angles, she is confident in her body and literally living purely for pleasure, pleasure from herself and also to please other men presumably.
Sven Carlsson Theory
Carlsson suggests that music videos in general, fall into two different groups; performance clips and conceptual clips. When a music video mostly shows an artist singing or dancing, this would be known as a performance clip. Although when the clip shows something else during its duration often with artistic ambitions, it is a conceptual clip.
This theory does conform to my chosen video as we see a lot as Beyonce enters the club, she is performing for a man in provocative ways. As well as many performance clips, we also see conceptual clips when we see abstract shapes within the video.
Todorov Theory
Tzvetan Todorov came up with his own theory in 1977 which consists of five different stages.
This theory does not conform to my chosen video as there is no real story and neither doe it offer a way of telling us a story about ourselves. The video is more a performance and narrative, rather than telling a story.
Pam Cook Theory
Pam Cook came up with a standard Hollywood narrative structure back in 1985. She believes the structure should be set out like:
- Linearity of cause and effect within an overall trajectory of enigma resolution
- A high degree of narrative closure
- A fictional world that contains verisimilitude especially governed by spatial and temporal coherence.
My chosen video does apply to Pam Cooks theory because of the way we see Beyonce trying to get her husbands attention yet he gives her no attention therefore this causes an effect going on to her fantasising or possibly thinking about what she has been up to with other men whilst she hasn't been getting his full attention as she would like to. We also see signs of hedonism as we know that via her actions and the camera angles, she is confident in her body and literally living purely for pleasure, pleasure from herself and also to please other men presumably.
Sven Carlsson Theory
Carlsson suggests that music videos in general, fall into two different groups; performance clips and conceptual clips. When a music video mostly shows an artist singing or dancing, this would be known as a performance clip. Although when the clip shows something else during its duration often with artistic ambitions, it is a conceptual clip.
This theory does conform to my chosen video as we see a lot as Beyonce enters the club, she is performing for a man in provocative ways. As well as many performance clips, we also see conceptual clips when we see abstract shapes within the video.
Todorov Theory
Tzvetan Todorov came up with his own theory in 1977 which consists of five different stages.
- Stage 1: a point of stable equilibrium, where everything is satisfied, calm and normal
- Stage 2: this stability is disrupted by some kind of force, which creates a state of disequilibrium
- Stage 3: recognition that a disruption has taken place
- Stage 4: it is only possible to re-create equilibrium through action directed against the disruption
- Stage 5: restoration of a new state of equilibrium The consequences of the reaction is to change the world of the narrative and/or the characters so that the final state of equilibrium in not the same as the initial state
This theory does not apply to my video as in the video it does not follow the same five stages as Todorov's theory suggests.
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